The Berlin hard fork is a network upgrade that incorporates four Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) that tinker with gas prices and allow new transaction types. The upgrade is a stepping stone to the much bigger London hard fork, which will activate EIP 1559, a momentous (and controversial) change to Ethereum’s fee structure. The EIPs are: EIP-2565, EIP-2718, EIP-2929, EIP-2930
A Turkish exchange suddenly went quiet and it is speculated that the CEO fled to Thailand with the keys to $2B in cryptocurrency that belonged to the users of the exchange. Since then, a statement replaced the main webpage of Thodex detailing how they are going through negotiations with business partners and a cyber attack that modified some of their backend data. Faruk Fatih Özer was said to have fled to Thailand with the keys to $2B worth of digital assets. He shut down all his social media accounts which also fuelled the speculations on the fraud allegations.
The validator takes a sandwich bundle from the MEV bot and replaces the victim transaction with it's own that exploits the MEV bot instead. The rogue validator netted around $20M after exploiting 5 MEV bots. A patch was rolled out the same day.